The scientific work of Yelyzaveta Vilchanska took the 2nd prize at the All-Ukrainian competition of student research papers (scientific club “Veterinary Clinical Biochemistry”) in the specialty 211 Veterinary Medicine
The scientific work of Yelyzaveta Vilchanska took the 2nd prize at the All-Ukrainian competition of student research papers (scientific club “Veterinary Clinical Biochemistry”) in the specialty 211 Veterinary Medicine
April 15, 2025
On April 09, 2025, the first round of the All-Ukrainian competition of student research papers was held at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The event was held in pursuance of the order of the Rector of NUBiP of Ukraine No. 140 dated 19.02.2025 “On holding the first round of the All-Ukrainian competition of student research papers in the fields of knowledge and specialties in the academic year 2024/2025”.
Each student research group of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine presented at least two papers to participate in the first round of the All-Ukrainian competition of student research papers (hereinafter - the Competition), which was held at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. The papers were prepared in accordance with the requirements of clause 3 of the “Regulations on the All-Ukrainian Student Research Paper Competition” (https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0620-17#n15), approved by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. In total, representatives of all 29 student scientific clubs of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine reported on their scientific activities over the past year.
The student scientific group “Veterinary Clinical Biochemistry” (headed by Professor Viktor Tomchuk, Department of Biochemistry named after Academician M.F. Hulyi) was represented at this competition by a 4th year student of the 5th group Yelyzaveta Vilchanska (supervisor - Professor Victoria Hryshchenko), who prepared a work on the topic: “Laboratory diagnosis of renal failure syndrome in small carnivores”. Based on the results of the quality assessment of the prepared work, the in-person presentation and answers to the questions of the commission members, this scientific work was awarded the 2nd prize in the specialty 211 Veterinary Medicine.
The aim of this work was to determine the most characteristic metabolic and functional changes in the body of small carnivores (dogs and cats) at different stages of renal failure based on a set of blood and urine parameters.
To achieve this goal, the following tasks had to be solved:
● To select dogs and cats at different stages of renal failure (initial, acute and chronic);
● To study the impact of pathological processes on the functional state of the kidneys and the whole organism through a comprehensive analysis of microscopic, morphological, physicochemical and biochemical parameters of blood and urine;
● Determine marker changes in blood and urine parameters characteristic of different stages of renal failure in small carnivores in a comparative aspect.
Based on the results of comprehensive microscopic, morphological and biochemical studies of blood and urine samples taken from dogs and cats, the key species-specific aspects of renal failure syndrome development at different stages of the pathological process were identified, in particular
1. The development of leukocytopenia, erythrocytopenia, hypochromemia, the severity of which depended on the stage of the pathological process. These indicators indicate a violation of hemocytopoiesis, the presence of inflammation and anemia, which are important manifestations of renal failure.
2. The manifestation of hyperfermentation of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase was recorded at all stages of the pathological process. At the same time, hyperenzymemia of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase was detected only at the acute stage of renal failure in both dogs and cats. These changes indicate structural and functional disorders in most internal organs, including the kidneys, liver, and heart, which should be taken into account in case of progressive renal failure.
3. Changes in the physicochemical and biochemical parameters of urine, namely: turbidity, discoloration, hematuria, leukocyturia and proteinuria confirm the development of nephropathy.
The established marker changes in the morphological and biochemical parameters of blood and urine at different stages of renal failure in small carnivores are important for clarifying the pathogenesis of the disease, determining the characteristics of functional changes in the body of sick dogs and cats to develop new approaches to their diagnosis, prevention of complications and treatment of animals.
The competitive scientific work was carried out in the context of the research topic № 110/10-pr.-2023 “The use of endoecological technology of restorative therapy for the toxic effects of xenobiotics on the animal body and the development of pathologies” (state registration number 0123U101946, 2023-2025) at the Department of Biochemistry named after Academician M.F. Gulyi.The results of this work were implemented in the clinical practice of the veterinary clinic “WSWClinic”, 2025 (Kyiv).
The regularities established in this scientific work were reported at two international conferences (Germany, Ukraine). The author of the work participated in 3 webinars on the research issue, for which she has the appropriate certificates.
