The Department of Animal Biology was established on 25 December 2014 in accordance with the order of the newly elected Rector of NULES of Ukraine Stanislav Nikolaienko, who introduced a reorganisation of the university structure. When planning the reorganisation measures, the idea arose to merge two faculties, namely the Faculty of Animal Production and Processing and the Faculty of Fisheries, into one called the Faculty of Animal Production and Aquatic Bioresources and to create a new department. The purpose of its creation was to strengthen the biological component of professional technological disciplines for bachelor's and master's degree students studying in the specialities 204 - Technology of Production and Processing of Livestock Products and 207 - Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture. Mykola Ivanovych Sakhatskyi, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Academician of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, who had experience in managing the staff of a research institution (Institute of Poultry Farming of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine) and the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics of the National University of Life Sciences of Ukraine, was appointed and soon elected Head of the Department. The creation of the new department began with the separation of a block of fundamental disciplines (Zoology, Invertebrate Zoology, Chordate Zoology, Fish Ontogeny) from the Department of General Zoology and Ichthyology with the transfer of 3 teachers (Candidates of Biological Sciences, Associate Professors Degtyarenko O.V., Kurbatova I.M., Mytiai I.S.) and 3 auxiliary staff. The further rapid quantitative and qualitative growth of the department's staff was due to the training of scientific and pedagogical staff through postgraduate and doctoral studies, as well as the involvement of experienced teachers from other structural units of the faculty, university and other higher educational institutions of the country. Thus, the staff of the department was joined by such outstanding personalities as Mykola Povoznikov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Ex-Dean of the Faculty of Biotechnology and Head of the Department of Podilskyi Agrarian and Technical University; Volodymyr Afanasenko, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Ex-Dean of the Faculty of Biology and Technology and Head of the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics of Luhansk National Agrarian University; Yuliia Osadcha, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, who previously worked at the Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University. Anna Likhach, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, who previously worked as an associate professor at the Department of Genetics, Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology of Mykolaiv National Agrarian University; Roman Kulibaba, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, who previously worked as Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Genetic and Physiological-Biochemical Research in Animal Husbandry of the Institute of Animal Husbandry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Over 10 years of activity, the staff of the department has trained 1 doctor and 6 candidates of sciences (doctors of philosophy), including 1 scientist for Jordan, and 4 research and teaching staff were transferred to other departments of the faculty to strengthen them. The personnel reserve of the department includes 6 postgraduate students of 2-4 years of study.

As for the academic disciplines, in addition to the above, the staff of the department currently teaches: Ecology in animal husbandry, Animal husbandry and hygiene, Mathematical methods in biology, Animal productivity management, In the world of animals, Aquatic microbiology, Physiology and biochemistry of aquatic organisms and others. With the help of donations from philanthropists and strong financial support from the Dean of the Faculty Ruslan V. Kononenko and the university administration, 3 teaching laboratories were renovated and equipped with modern laboratory furniture and devices, the Scientific and Problem Laboratory of DNA Technologies was established, repair work was completed, and the newly created Educational and Research Laboratory of Genomics and Transcriptomics was equipped with laboratory furniture and devices. The staff of the department associates the further development of the department with the improvement of the educational process for the training of specialists in the Bachelor's and Master's degree programmes in 204 and 207, which would meet the growing requirements of production through the teaching of new disciplines, with the provision of paid services for genotyping of animals, plant varieties, lines and hybrids, as well as other biological objects, training of dog trainers, etc.

Currently, the Department of Animal Biology is a leader in the faculty in terms of publication activity, including in publications cited in the Scopus I Web of Science and Web of Science databases. Since 1 January 2025, it has been headed by Roman Kulibaba, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, a well-known specialist in the field of animal physiology, biochemistry and molecular genetics.