M.K. Shykula Scientific school

The department bears his name!

The constellation of prominent Ukrainian scientists-soil scientists includes the name of Professor Mykola Kindratovych Shykula.
He was born on January 6, 1925 (the Holy Evening before Christmas) in the peasant family of illiterate Kindrat Trofimovich and Oryna Fedosivna in the village. Velyka Lepetykha, Kherson region. He was in the family of the thirteenth child, of whom only three survived. However, the children inherited genes that separated them from the environment. The brother for prudence in the village had the nickname "professor", the sister worked in Kharkiv at the design institute.

Nicholas himself was free to read six-year-old textbooks for seven years, so he was recorded in school at the age of six. In 1933, he had to endure hunger, lose relatives and constantly work, earning a living. After graduating from high school, he completed 2 courses of the Nikopol Agricultural College of Agroforestry, but the training had to be interrupted, because the war came - and students with teachers were sent to Kryvyi Rih, where the trenches were digging, were under occupation.

In 1944, Nikolai was drafted into the ranks of the active army, was wounded, but after the hospital again went to war, finished it in Germany and continued to serve until 1950.

After returning to the technical school, he passed the exams, received a diploma of a technician-achromemeliomerator with honors and was sent to the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, which he also graduated with honors with a recommendation for graduate school.

In 1960 he defended his Ph.D., and in 1968 - his doctoral dissertation, worked as a senior researcher, and then - head of the laboratory for improving the fertility of eroded lands and reclamation of the Ukrainian Research Institute of Soils, Director of the All-Union Research Institute for Soil Protection from Erosion, and during 1974 - 1999 he headed the Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection of the National Agrarian University. Over the years, he organized three research laboratories: state budget - soil erosion, sectoral - anti-erosion measures and problematic - reproduction of soil fertility. Even after Nikolai Kindratovich retired from the post of head and worked as a professor of the department, he did not reduce the intensity of both research and teaching.

For more than 50 years of scientific and pedagogical activity prof. M. K. Shikula created a scientific school of soil protection and biological agriculture, and this is 14 doctors and more than 50 candidates of sciences. The chronological index of scientific works from 1953 has more than 650 publications, including 20 copyright certificates and patents, 15 monographs, 6 popular science films. For future generations, more than 3.5 thousand pages of scientific works have been left. Not every academician can boast of such scientific work. And in its arsenal - the draft Law of Ukraine "On Organic Agriculture", the State Target Program "Creation of a raw biotechnological base for obtaining xenotransplants from pet-notobiote animals on the basis of environmentally friendly agriculture", etc.

In the year of his 80th anniversary and the 50th anniversary of scientific activity, as if anticipating the approach of the tragic date of departure into eternity, on the pages of the jubilee Personality, Professor M. K. Shykula laid out the Testament to his students, in which the ways of solving scientifically sound problems were actually formed, which at any time of their introduction into production can become the State Scientific and Technical Programs on the scale of Ukraine:

1. National program for the development and implementation of soil protection, energy, resource, and moisture-saving technologies for growing agricultural crops in Ukraine.

2. The concept of biological farming on chernozem Ukraine.

Professor M. K. Shykula bequeathed his associates to like-minded people to continue further development in these areas both in the field of scientific substantiation and widespread introduction to production, because this will enable the agricultural sector of Ukraine to acquire a leading status among European countries for a short time. Time confirmed the relevance of these areas of research in today's conditions.

Deep, scientifically grounded belief, the courage of scientific thought, which did not fade during 50 years of scientific activity, glorified the name of Professor M.K. Shicallyked far beyond the borders of Ukraine during their lifetime. He was a member of the European Soil Treatment Society, the European Association for the Protection of Soils from Erosion, an expert of FAO, the head of the International Scientific and Technical Program for Soil Protection against Erosion, gave lectures on soil science in Bulgaria, the USA, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Sweden, Poland.

Like all talented and gifted people, Nikolai Kindratovich was a modest person - many of his colleagues and students reached a much larger career administrative height than him. The scientific activity of Nikolai Kindratovich was based on the principle: “In science, the timid to do nothing”, so all life went to defend his beliefs, defend scientific principles, proof of the rightness of his scientific belief.
Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection named after prof. M.K. Shykula (since 2010) NUBiP of Ukraine successfully continues research initiated by Mykola Kindratovych. The scientific school of soil protection and biological farming preserves and multiplies the traditions and achievements of the founder, founder and teacher of many generations of scientists Mykola Kindratovych Shykula. And today we remember Mykola Kindratovych Shykul with a grateful warm human word, honor his memory, his ascetic titanic work and the courage of scientific thought.

Scientific School of Soil Protection and Soil Protective Farming
Professor Shykula Nikolai Kindratovich
Year of foundation — 1974, Ukrainian Agricultural Academy, Kyiv.

Founder - Academician of the Ukrainian Ecological Academy of Sciences, laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor Shykula Mykola Kindratovych

General characteristics of the school.. Direction of activity — soil protection, soil protection agriculture, agroecology. Development and implementation of the system of soil fertility protection, prevention and reduction of the consequences of water and wind erosion, degradation of soil shelter in Ukraine. Development and substantiation of soil protection technologies for growing crops based on minimizing soil cultivation and biologization of agriculture, for all soil and climatic zones and subzones of Ukraine.

Famous representatives of the scientific school. Tarariko O.G., Academician of the NAAS of Ukraine; Professor Balaev A.D., Head of the Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection of NUBIP of Ukraine; Demydenko O.V., Director of the Smila Branch of the Cherkasy Institute of APV; Makhmud al Askar, Professor of the University of Khalebsk, Syria; Dolya M.M., Professor of the Department of Entomology of NUBIP of Ukraine.

Training of scientific personnel - 14 doctors and 50 candidates of sciences were trained

The main achievements of the scientific school. Ground-protective technologies for growing crops based on the minimalization of soil cultivation and biologization of agriculture have been developed; The "shock" state of the soil during the rotation of the slice has been theoretically substantiated; the assimilation of carbon of soil air and soil (CO 2 in the soil solution) by heterotrophic microorganisms with the formation of a new organic matter has been revealed; the biochemical mechanism of reproduction of humus is revealed.

The main scientific works:

1. Shikula N.K., Tarariko A.G. Erosion began and zavozyasitnoe land. — K: Harvest, 1976.

2. Morgun F.T., Shikula N.K., Tarariko A.G. Landscape land. — K.: Urozhay, 1983. — 240 p.

3. Morgun F.T., Shikula N.K. Pochozavishestnoe forested land. — M.: Coloss. — 290 p.

4. Shikula N.K. Pochozavashchita elbow system: Business book. — Kharkiv: Flag, 1987. — 200 p.

5. Morgun F.T., Shikula N.K., Tarariko A.G. Pochozavishishite land. — K.: Urozhay, 1988. — 256 p.

6. Shikula N.K., Nazarenko G.V. Minimal circulation of chernozem and industrial production of their birth. — M.: Agropromyzdat, 1990. — 320 p.

7. Gorodny M.M., Shikula M.K., Gudkov I.M. et al. Agroecology: textbook. — K.: Higher School, 1993. — 342 p.

8. Shykula M.K., Antonets S.S. et al. Reproduction of soil fertility in soil protection agriculture. — K.: Oranta, 1998. — 680 p.

9. Shykula M.K., Antonets S.S. et al. Soil protective biological system of agriculture in Ukraine — K.: Oranta, 2000. — 390 p.

10. Shykula M.K., Gnatenko O.F. et al. Soil protection: textbook — K.: Knowledge, 2001. — 400 p.

11. Shykula M.K., Gnatenko O.F. et al. Soil protection: textbook, edition 2nd, 2003. — 400 p.

The importance of the scientific school for society. The introduction of soil protection technologies into production makes it possible to save fuel (2-4 times), mineral fertilizers (2 times), pesticides (5-8 times), working hours (3 times), metal consumption per 1 m of tillage tools (2 times) and have a moisture-accumulating effect of up to 50 mm of productive moisture compared to technologies based on plowing.

The current state of the scientific school. Research on the development and improvement of soil protection technologies is actively carried out.

Place in world science. In the world of agrarian science, great attention is paid to the research and implementation of energy-, resource- and moisture-saving technologies.